Route2China∴∵{植民地支配への抵抗‥太平天国の乱,中華民国の辛亥革命.
◉1840-1842年:アヘン戦争。
◉1850-1864年:太平天国の乱。
最初の市民革命は、広州近郊でスタートしました。アヘンによる麻薬汚染。外交と軍事におけるDaixing体制の限界。不信と不安。外国商人の攻勢。社会混乱を背景に、新しい秩序を唱えるカリスマ指導者・洪秀全の声に、中国南部において注意を集めました。儒教。道教。仏教など、伝統的な社会秩序の打破。そしてキリスト教をモチーフにした平等社会の実現。そのビジョンは、農民と坑夫と苦力に共感を与えながら、しだいに支持を拡大します。首都が置かれた南京が、天京と改名されました。そして、国号を太平天国に改めた勢力は、既存のDaixingと幾度も武力衝突します。組織運営をめぐって内部分裂も起きました。また、対等な外交権を獲得しようとする太平天国は、しだいに植民地戦略を貫く西洋諸国とも対立を深めます。1864年07月15日の天京攻防戦において、軍民200万人と一緒に、太平天国の理想は幕を降ろされました。また同時期に北部で活動していた民兵組織・捻軍も、西洋諸国の軍事支援を受けるDaixing帝国軍によって滅ぼされる。
1909年10月10日、武漢にて共和国革命派がDaixingからの独立を宣言すると、同じように中国全省で離脱の動きがはじまりました。その年末、英国の仲介によって共和軍とDaixing軍の停戦。そして各省による総選挙の結果、中華民国の初代に孫中山が選ばれました。翌年2月13日に宣統帝の退位。共和主義を掲げる革命派の呼称は、国民党に改まりました。混迷に陥った王朝支配にピリオドを打ち、中国を民衆による共和国システムを始動させたのが、この辛亥革命です。しかし軍閥トップの袁世凱自らが、中華帝国皇帝に着任。袁世凱の失脚あと、中国各地の社会秩序は分裂状況におちいりました。海南とインドシナへのフランス駐留。広州のイギリス駐留。武漢のアメリカ駐留。山東半島へのドイツ軍駐留。遼東半島と東北エリアへのロシア駐留。天津に駐屯軍を配置する日本は、朝鮮半島と台湾島も実効支配していました。
◉1840 to 1842: Opium War.
◉1850 to 1864: Riots of Taiping .
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The first people's revolution was started in the Guanzhou suburbs. Drug pollution by opium. The limit of the Daixing organization in diplomacy and military affairs. As uneasy as distrust. A foreign merchant's offensive. Against the background of social disruption, attention was attracted to the voice of the charismatic leader and Hung Hsiu-chuan who recites new order in southern China. Confucianism. Taoism. Overthrow of traditional social order, such as Buddhism. And realization of the equal society which used Christianity as the motif. The vision expands support gradually, giving a farmer, a miner, and a coolie sympathy. Nanjing in which the capital was established was renamed with 天京(Ten-kyo). And the armed clash of the influence which changed the name of a country into peace Heaven is carried out to the existing Daixing many times. The internal division also broke out involving organizational operation. Moreover, the peace Heaven which is going to acquire an equal diplomatic right deepens confrontation also with the Western countries which pierce through a colony strategy gradually. In the 天京(Ten-kyo) offensive and defensive battle on July 15, 1864, the ideal of peace Heaven was able to take down the curtain together with the 2 million military and civilians.
Moreover, the militia organization and 捻軍(Nien-rebellion) which was working at the northern part at the period are also ruined by the Daixing empire army which receives the military help of Western countries.
◉1867: Restoration of the Imperial rule. A Japanese general returns supreme command to the Emperor. Hokkaido and north islands. Ryukyu islands. Taiwan island. Japan advances modernization of a Western style to a surrounding area, carrying out military power advance. Modernization of military strategy and tactics. The economic strategy which consists of development of an export industry. In order to heighten the centripetal force to a new system, the media strategy also tackled. The spread of the standard languages. Introduction of the school system based on a wealth-and-poverty gap. Restriction of imported knowledge. Martyrdom thought involving a traditional sense of values. While modernistic Japanese consciousness is established, people of an island country hold the contempt thinking to a Western complex and the Asia surrounding area, and go.
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On the Ryukyu islands which were under the colony, the feeling that it could have consciousness of Japanese people by acquisition of the standard language and a life style was spread. However, the trace to which an autonomy transfer and installation of the independent army division were proposed does not have after inauguration of Okinawa Prefecture. Relief and a prize. The relation between Japanese and a Ryukyuan continues keeping unchanged at the position of punishment. This unconscious ecriture serves as an attitude to subsequent neighboring nations, and expresses.
◉ 1876: Treaty of Kanghwa concludes between Japan and Korea's Yi dynasty.
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Denial of the Imperial rank-awarding letter rule by Daixing. The unequal treaty which is mainly concerned with the trade privilege of Japan in the Korean Peninsula. Even in the Korean Peninsula which was under the Imperial rank-awarding letter rule by Daixing, the equal thought developed from oriental thoughts had spread among farmers. 1894. Royalty and titled nobility of those days requests military help from Daixing from uprising of the armed national guardsman who exploded dissatisfaction. The collision from which the Daixing dynasty and Japan involving [ as a cause ] the sovereignty of the Korean Peninsula in this changed into the state of war. Daixing defeated in Japan is having lost the effective control power of the Korean Peninsula or the Taiwan island, and also made authority lose.
◉1900 to 1901: The Boxer Rebellion rises in arms. From the China coast, to the inland spreading church division and settlement (special extraterritoriality area), anger of the China residents threatened to the life serves as a riot, and explodes. The allied force of stationing in China suppresses this. Anger of people having nowhere to go went to the Daixing government which entrusted repression of the riot to overseas player power, and fled. Moreover, when Hsi-tai-hou who seized the real power of the dynasty till then passed away at the age of 72, only 2-year-old Puyi will inherit the 12th generation Xuantong. It is a thing in 1908. Hsi-tai-hou was the 10th generation emperor's mother.
◉ 1902: John Atkinson Hobson of Britain announces an "imperialism theory."
◉1904: H Mackinder of Britain proposes heartland theory. The world changed to the shut space because the mass transportation of the resources by high-speed long-distance movement became possible. Europe or Eurasia. He proposed important [ the strategy which governs the core ] for a state.
◉1911 to 1912: Sun Wen's Republican Revolution.
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When republic revolutionists declared independence from Daixing in Wuhan on October 10, 1909, movement toward secession started similarly in all the China prefectures. It is the cease-fire of a republican army and a Daixing army by agency of the end of the year and Britain. And grandchild Nakayama was chosen as the founder of the Republic of China as a result of the general election by each ministry. It is Xuantong's abdication on February [ next year ] 13. The name of the revolutionists who hang up republicanism was changed into the National Party. It is this Republican Revolution that put the period to the dynasty rule which fell into confusion, and started the republic system according China to the public. However, Yuan Shih-kai himself, the top of a military clique, arrives at the Chinese Empire emperor for a new post. The social order of various parts of China fell into the division situation after the downfall of Yuan Shih-kai. Stationing in France to Kainan and Indo-China. Stationing in British of Guanzhou. Stationing in U.S. of Wuhan. The German army stationing to the Santo peninsula. Stationing in Russia to Liaodong Bandao and northeast area. Japan which stations a garrison to Tianjin was doing effective control also of the Korean Peninsula and the Taiwan island.
◉1932: 柳条湖 (the Manchurian) incident. A stationing Japan army and the Kwantung Army invade the China East- northern part. Last emperor by which the prison house was carried out to >> Shanghai is set on an emperor, and Japan supports establishment of a Manchu-empire . It tackled to place a Manchu-empire under military affairs and an economic-media strategy. Key words= world final game dispute. Kwantung Army. Ministry of Supply. Dentsu.
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{台風17号。風速50メートルの風。朝から家が揺れています。外出は危険です。태풍 17호. 풍속 50미터의 바람. 아침부터 집이 흔들리고 있습니다. 외출은 위험합니다. 台风17号。风速50米的风。从早上开始家摇曳着。外出危险。≫Typhoon No. 17. The wind of 50 meters per second. The house is shaking from the morning. Going out is dangerous"
釤⌒η`(∵`{次回は、日中戦争と冷戦です。Next time is Sino-Japanese War and a cold war.≫ 다음번은, 중일전쟁과 냉전입니다. ≫下次,是日中战争和冷战。